NGC 7331

Introduction | Map | My Best Own Photos | My Own Observations | References || Appendix: My Own Photos

On this page I collect my observations of the spiral galaxy NGC 7331 in the constellation Pegasus.

Introduction

The spiral galaxy NGC 7331 in the constellation Pegasus is according to Stoyan only visible in telescopes. It is seen nearly edge-on. Close to it (visually), there are the galaxy NGC 7335 and three even smaller ones (NGC 7337 and NGC 7340) on an eVscope photo. An eVscope 2 photo shows even more small galaxies (see evaluation).

The NGC 7331 Group is a visual grouping of galaxies in the constellation Pegasus. Spiral galaxy NGC 7331 is a foreground galaxy in the same field as the collection, which is also called the Deer Lick Group. It contains four other members, affectionately referred to as the "fleas": the lenticular or unbarred spirals NGC 7335 and NGC 7336, the barred spiral galaxy NGC 7337, and the elliptical galaxy NGC 7340. These galaxies lie at distances between 300 and 400 million light years. Although adjacent on the sky, this collection is not a galaxy group, as NGC 7331 itself is not gravitationally associated with the far more distant "fleas"; indeed, even they are separated by far more than the normal distances (~2 Mly) of a galaxy group.

A little farther away visually, but still close to NGC 7331, there is Stephan's Quintet (with NGC 7317; at about 30' distance). With the eVscope 2 and the Vespera, it can be seen together with NGC 7331 on a photo.

NGC 7331	NGC 7317	NGC 7335
Size: 4' x 1,5' / 10.5′ × 3.7' (Stoyan/Wikipedia) Distance: 46 millions light years (Wikipedia) Rating: * (Stoyan)	Size: 0.4' x 0.4' (Wikipedia) Distance: 304 millions light years (Wikipedia) Rating: ---	Size: 1.2' x 0.6' (Wikipedia) Distance: 292 millions light years (Wikipedia) Rating: ---

NGC 7336	NGC 7337	NGC 7340
Size: 0.8' x 0.4' (Wikipedia) Distance: 403 millions light years (Wikipedia) Rating: ---	Size: 1' x 0.8' (Wikipedia) Distance: 304 millions light years (Wikipedia) Rating: ---	Size: 0.9' x 0.6' (Wikipedia) Distance: 296 millions light years (Wikipedia) Rating: ---

Map

The spiral galaxy NGC 7331 in the constellation Pegasus (Image Courtesy of SkySafari Astronomy, www.simulationcurriculum.com)

The spiral galaxy NGC 7331 in the constellation Pegasus with small galaxies. Stephan's Quintet (right) is close to the galaxy NGC 7331 (left) (Image Courtesy of SkySafari Astronomy, www.simulationcurriculum.com)

My Best Own Photos

eVscope


NGC 7331 - Aug 24, 2020	NGC 7331 - Aug 24, 2020, processed	NGC 7331 - Aug 24, 2020, processed; the largest small galaxy is NGC 7335*
		*) NGC 7340 (bottom left), NGC 7337 (bottom right), NGC 7336 (top left)
NGC 7331 - Sep 9, 2020	NGC 7331 - Sep 9, 2020

NGC 7331 - Sep 9, 2020, processed	NGC 7331 - Sep 9, 2020, processed

eVscope 2 (3)


NGC 7331 - Nov 2, 2022 (third sample)	NGC 7331 - Nov 2, 2022, photo left processed

NGC 7331 & SQ - Sep 6, 2023, 10 min	NGC 7331 & SQ - Sep 6, 2023, photo left processed	Evaluation with nova.astrometry.net

Galaxies close to NGC 7331: NGC 7325, NGC 7326, NGC 7327, NGC 7335, NGC 7336, NGC 7337, NGC 7338 (double star), NGC 7340

Vespera


NGC 7331 & SQ, Aug 25, 2022 - original (90 frames = 900 seconds)		Evaluation with nova.strometry.net

Galaxies close to NGC 7331: IC 1450, NGC 7325, NGC 7326, NGC 7327, NGC 7333 (double star), NGC 7335, NGC 7336, NGC 7337, NGC 7338 (double star), NGC 7340; Stephan's Quintet to the right

Vespera Pro


NGC 7331 & SQ, Nov 5, 2024 - 2000 (180 frames = 30 min)		NGC 7331 & SQ, Nov 5, 2024 - 2000 (180 frames = 30 min)

		Evaluation with nova.strometry.net, click the image for a larger version

Galaxies close to NGC 7331: IC 1450, NGC 7325, NGC 7326, NGC 7327, NGC 7333 (double star), NGC 7335, NGC 7336, NGC 7337, NGC 7338 (double star), NGC 7340; Stephan's Quintet to the bottom right

My Own Observations

Observations February to September 2020

February 7, 2020 (Mühlhausen/Kraichgau: eVscope): NGC 7331 photographed
August 24, 2020 (Mühlhausen/Kraichgau: eVscope): NGC 7331 photographed
September 7, 2020 (Mühlhausen/Kraichgau: eVscope): NGC 7331 photographed

Observations October to December 2021

October 9, 2021 (Erkerode: eVscope): NGC 7331 photographed, somewhat fuzzy
December 21, 2021 (Mühlhausen/Kraichgau: eVscope 2): NGC 7331 photographed, somewhat fuzzy

Observations August to November 2022

August 25, 2022 (Mühlhausen/Kraichgau: Vespera): NGC 7331 photographed together with Stephan's Quintet (NGC 7317).
November 2, 2022 (Mühlhausen/Kraichgau: eVscope 2): NGC 7331 photographed

Observations September to December 2023

September 6, 2023 (Mühlhausen/Kraichgau: eVscope 2): NGC 7331 photographed together with Stephan's Quintet (NGC 7317) (V. 2.4.1, DDT), 10 min
December 18, 2023 (Mühlhausen/Kraichgau: eVscope 2): NGC 7331 photographed (V. 2.5, DDT), 3 min

Observations November 2024

November 5, 2022 (Mühlhausen/Kraichgau: Vespera Pro): NGC 7331 photographed

References

NGC 7331 (Wikipedia): en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7331
Galaxiengruppe NGC 7331: www.deepskycorner.ch/obj/ngc7331.de.php
NGC 7335 (Wikipedia): de.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7335 (in German)
NGC 7337 (Wikipedia): de.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7337 (in German)
NGC 7340 (Wikipedia): de.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7340 (in German)
NGC 7331 Group: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7331_Group
Stephan's Quintet (Wikipedia): en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephan%27s_Quintet

On this Site

Appendix: My Own Photos